Breeding success of African Black Oystercatchers (Haematopus moquini) was monitored over three austral summers on Robben Island, South Africa from 2001 to 2004. Robben Island is a busy tourist destination which has a resident population that live and work on the island in addition to tourists that visit the island daily. Potential predators of birds’ eggs and chicks include feral cats (Felis catus), Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus), Mole Snakes (Pseudaspis cana) and House Rats (Rattus rattus). The mean number of fledglings per pair declined from 0.74 in the first breeding season to 0.41 and 0.35 in the subsequent breeding seasons. This fledgling success slightly exceeded the threshold estimated to maintain a stable population, and is similar to fledging success observed in other oystercatcher species. The lower fledging success in the second and third breeding seasons compared to the first breeding season were increased depredation of eggs and chicks and high-tide events on 17 February 2003 and 10 February 2004. Predation can be aggravated by human disturbance, and it was found that the area with greatest resident and tourist activity had the greatest egg and chick losses in all three breeding seasons. The area adjacent to the disturbed area had reduced breeding success in the second breeding season, possibly a result of increased predation associated with the settlement. Breeding success near the Kelp Gull breeding colony decreased in the third breeding season; the period during which the greatest number of Kelp Gulls were breeding. The potential success of a breeding attempt decreased if incubation of the clutch started later in the breeding season.